Definitions of Key Terms
Analyse: separate or
break up a whole into its smaller parts in order to discover/describe them, and their
inter-relationship.
Comment: make critical
(positive and negative) observations, using your knowledge of the topic.
Compare: examine the
characteristics of the different subject matter in question and show their similarities
and differences.
Contrast: examine the
characteristics of the subject matter in question with a view to demonstrating
differences.
Critique: express your
judgement (what you think) regarding the correctness or merit of the factors being
considered. Discuss the strong and weak points and give the results of your own analysis
(see analysis above).
Define: provide a
concise, clear, authoritative meaning of a word or phrase. Details are not necessarily
required, but briefly cite the boundaries or limitations of the definition (what does the
definition include or exclude?).
Describe: provide an
account of an event or process. You are not asked to explain or interpret (your view is
not required). Try to provide a thorough description, emphasising the most important
points.
Discuss: present the
different aspects of a question or problem. Your opinion in relation to the topic must be
given and must be supported by carefully chosen and authoritative (referenced) evidence.
Evaluate: examine both
the strengths and advantages, and weaknesses and limitations of a question and try to
reach a judgement.
Examine critically:
appraise, act as a judge or critic (give the positives and negatives, saying why they are
positive or negative).
Explain: provide a
meaning or interpretation of the facts of a particular topic. Do not be trapped into
describing or summarising events. Focus on the "why" or "how" of the
issue.
Illustrate: use
concrete examples, figures or diagrams to explain or clarify an idea.
Interpret: explain the meaning of something and give
your own judgement of a situation.
Outline: write an
organised description which provides the major points, but omits the minor details.
Prove: confirm or
verify (give evidence from your reading or knowledge).
Summarise: examine the
main points briefly.